reload

Source

reload allows automatic reload of a changed Corefile.

Description

This plugin allows automatic reload of a changed Corefile. To enable automatic reloading of zone file changes, use the auto plugin.

This plugin periodically checks if the Corefile has changed by reading it and calculating its SHA512 checksum. If the file has changed, it reloads CoreDNS with the new Corefile. This eliminates the need to send a SIGHUP or SIGUSR1 after changing the Corefile.

The reloads are graceful - you should not see any loss of service when the reload happens. Even if the new Corefile has an error, CoreDNS will continue to run the old config and an error message will be printed to the log. But see the Bugs section for failure modes.

In some environments (for example, Kubernetes), there may be many CoreDNS instances that started very near the same time and all share a common Corefile. To prevent these all from reloading at the same time, some jitter is added to the reload check interval. This is jitter from the perspective of multiple CoreDNS instances; each instance still checks on a regular interval, but all of these instances will have their reloads spread out across the jitter duration. This isn’t strictly necessary given that the reloads are graceful, and can be disabled by setting the jitter to 0s.

Jitter is re-calculated whenever the Corefile is reloaded.

This plugin can only be used once per Server Block.

Syntax

reload [INTERVAL] [JITTER]

The plugin will check for changes every INTERVAL, subject to +/- the JITTER duration.

INTERVAL and JITTER are Golang durations. The default INTERVAL is 30s, default JITTER is 15s, the minimal value for INTERVAL is 2s, and for JITTER it is 1s. If JITTER is more than half of INTERVAL, it will be set to half of INTERVAL

Examples

Check with the default intervals:

. {
    reload
    erratic
}

Check every 10 seconds (jitter is automatically set to 10 / 2 = 5 in this case):

. {
    reload 10s
    erratic
}

Bugs

The reload happens without data loss (i.e. DNS queries keep flowing), but there is a corner case where the reload fails, and you lose functionality. Consider the following Corefile:

. {
	health :8080
	whoami
}

CoreDNS starts and serves health from :8080. Now you change :8080 to :443 not knowing a process is already listening on that port. The process reloads and performs the following steps:

close the listener on 8080
reload and parse the config again
fail to start a new listener on 443
fail loading the new Corefile, abort and keep using the old process

After the aborted attempt to reload we are left with the old processes running, but the listener is closed in step 1; so the health endpoint is broken. The same can happen in the prometheus plugin.

In general be careful with assigning new port and expecting reload to work fully.

In CoreDNS v1.6.0 and earlier any import statements are not discovered by this plugin. This means if any of these imported files changes the reload plugin is ignorant of that fact. CoreDNS v1.7.0 and later does parse the Corefile and supports detecting changes in imported files.

Metrics

If monitoring is enabled (via the prometheus plugin) then the following metric is exported:

coredns_reload_failed_total{} - counts the number of failed reload attempts.
coredns_reload_version_info{hash, value} - record the hash value during reload.

Currently the type of hash is “sha512”, the value is the returned hash value.